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3월 31일 Ferguson: Brilliant Barcelona are Manchester United's big threatSir Alex Ferguson was proved right when he described Real Madrid as having "no chance" of winning the Champions League, dryly pointing out earlier this season that "their game lacks pace", but the Manchester United manager anticipates a more robust challenge from elsewhere in La Liga. "Barcelona are the form team," Ferguson said of the remaining eight clubs in this season's Champions League. "They've been terrific this season and everyone's taking notice of them. Their first-half performance against Lyon in the second leg of the first knockout round [Barcelona won 5–2 to go through 6–3 on aggregate] was absolutely brilliant – they were four up in no time. They can be a threat to anybody and are quite rightly one of the favourites. They got off to a great start to the season and it wasn't until January that they hit a blip, and that can happen to everyone. They're over that now, so they'll be the threat." United beat Barcelona 1–0 courtesy of a Paul Scholes goal in last season's semi-final but Ferguson has rarely seen his team penned into their own half as they were during the second leg at Old Trafford. He describes Lionel Messi as a "fantastic" player, and the fact that United cannot meet Barcelona until the final was one of the reasons Ferguson felt a quarter-final against FC Porto, followed by a possible semi-final against Arsenal or Villarreal, was a "good draw" for his side. Barcelona, meanwhile, have the daunting task of getting past Bayern Munich in the quarter-finals before a potential semi-final against Chelsea or Liverpool, Real Madrid's conquerors in the previous round. However, Ferguson, speaking to the Inside United magazine, believes the Catalan club, six points clear in La Liga and with Messi in such exhilarating form he can be described as the most penetrative attacking player on the planet, are the team to fear in their side of the draw. "The English teams have proven the strength of the Premier League in recent years," he continued. "Last season we had three in the semi-finals and two in the final; the previous [season] there were three in the semis and Liverpool made it to the final. But we have to recognise that our threats don't just come from England, the big one will come from Barcelona." Ferguson added: "I'm not sure they've improved a lot from when we played them last season but they have had a better defensive record since Josep Guardiola took over as coach last year. "There has maybe been a bit more concentration on defending than there had been in previous times. That's not a criticism of Frank Rijkaard, I just think Guardiola has brought in the awareness that defending is just as important as attacking. "Gerard Piqué, for instance, left us to go back there and has done really well for them. We always knew of his abilities – good talent, mobility and a winning mentality – so I think he's improved them."
Daniel Taylor, The Guardian, 30.03.09 http://www.guardian.co.uk/football/2009/mar/30/ferguson-manchester-united-barcelona-champions-league Obama, superstar européenne qui ne connaît pas l'EuropeNombre de présidents qui inspirent aujourd'hui Barack Obama ont eu une relation forte, presque fondatrice, avec l'Europe. Issu d'une grande famille irlandaise, John F. Kennedy était pétri de culture politique européenne, un continent où il avait vécu dans son enfance, avant d'étudier à la London School of Economics, puis d'écrire son mémoire de fin d'études sur la participation britannique aux accords de Munich. Bill Clinton avait étudié deux ans à l'université d'Oxford. Barack Obama, lui, ne connaît pas l'Europe, ou si peu. Il arrive mardi soir à Londres, première étape d'une ambitieuse tournée destinée à convaincre ses alliés et partenaires internationaux de s'unir, derrière la bannière américaine, face aux crises du monde. Dans son livre, Les Rêves de mon père, il raconte sa première incursion sur le continent, lors d'une étape sur la route de l'Afrique. Travailleur social dans les quartiers noirs défavorisés de Chicago, Barack s'apprête à partir pour le Kenya sur les traces de son père mort, étape décisive de sa quête d'identité. Il décide de passer trois semaines à sillonner l'Europe, de Paris aux rives de la Tamise, en passant par le mont Palatin et les splendeurs de Barcelone. Mais la magie n'opère pas chez ce jeune homme «au statut incertain», raconte-t-il, qui se perçoit alors comme un «Occidental qui n'est pas totalement chez lui en Occident, un Africain partant vers une terre remplie d'étrangers». «Ce n'est pas que l'Europe n'était pas belle. Tout était exactement comme je me l'étais imaginé. C'est juste que ce n'était pas moi. J'avais l'impression de me retrouver dans l'histoire d'amour de quelqu'un d'autre», écrit Barack Obama. «Une vision plus large des priorités du monde» Nombre d'analystes jugent que ce rapport distancié au Vieux Continent ne manquera pas d'influencer la teneur du dialogue entre les deux rives de l'Atlantique, lors du voyage qu'il entreprend mardi. «Il a grandi en Asie, a développé un intérêt évident pour l'Afrique. Cela le rend très différent des autres. Il n'a pas la même implication émotionnelle qu'un Kennedy ou qu'un Clinton», note Craig Kennedy, le président du German Marshall Fund, think-tank jouant un rôle majeur dans les relations transatlantiques à Washington. «Cela ne veut pas dire qu'il fera des gaffes. Il s'agit d'un homme très brillant qui apprend vite. Mais cela signifie que nous avons désormais affaire à un président plus global, ayant une vision plus large des priorités du monde. Les Européens vont devoir s'y habituer et le contenu des conversations devrait s'en trouver modifié», ajoute-t-il. Reginald Dale, expert au Center for Strategic and International Studies, souligne quant à lui, le paradoxe d'un homme qui est «une superstar» dans l'opinion européenne, mais sans «connaissance de l'Europe et sans attirance instinctive pour elle». Dans un sondage réalisé juste après l'investiture, près de 92 % des Français, 90 % des Italiens et 82 % des Allemands plébiscitaient le rôle du président Obama sur la scène internationale, contre 68 % aux États-Unis. «L'Europe est plus amoureuse d'Obama qu'Obama ne l'est de l'Europe», insiste Dale, notant toutefois que les dirigeants européens attendent de lui qu'il prouve sa capacité à écouter ses partenaires. Taxé d'unilatéralisme, son prédécesseur avait beaucoup travaillé à réparer les séquelles du désaccord sur l'Irak, pendant son deuxième mandat. Utiliser son capital de séduction Barack Obama ne cache pas qu'il s'emploiera à utiliser son capital de séduction pour rallier les Européens sur une approche plus vigoureuse de la relance de l'économie ou un engagement plus résolu en Afghanistan, deux sujets sur lesquels ses partenaires - français et allemand notamment - ont exprimé des réticences. Mais conscient de ces nuances et fidèle à la méthode multilatérale, le président a fait savoir que l'Amérique venait à la rencontre de l'Europe avec l'idée de «diriger et écouter», selon l'expression de son porte-parole Robert Gibbs. L'Administration estime avoir déjà donné une idée concrète de sa méthode avec l'annonce de sa nouvelle stratégie en Afghanistan, où le président a annoncé un engagement résolu de son pays. Mais Barack Obama espère être suivi, au moins sur le terrain de la reconstruction civile et de la formation de la police et de l'armée par ses alliés. «Nous voulons diriger par l'exemple», a expliqué samedi Robert Gibbs. Obama a huit jours pour convaincre ses interlocuteurs qu'ils peuvent le suivre.
Laure Mandeville, Le Figaro, 31.03.09 Descubierto un rostro esculpido bajo la parte exterior del busto de NefertitiInvestigadores del Imaging Science Institute de Berlín han utilizado imágenes de tomografía computerizada (TC) para estudiar el famoso busto de Nefertiti y han desvelado un rostro delicadamente esculpido en el núcleo interno de la piedra caliza.
Los resultados del trabajo, que se publican en la revista 'Radiology', ayudarán en la conservación de esta famosa pieza egipcia. Los resultados mostraron que se utilizó un proceso en múltiples pasos para crear la escultura. La capa de estudio de la cara y las orejas es muy fina, pero la parte posterior de la corona reconstruida contiene dos capas de estuco gruesas. Las imágenes de TC mostraban varias fisuras y una unión no uniforme entre las capas.
La Vanguardia, 31.03.09 Porn: A dirty little secret?They watch porn in Redditch, you know. Let me rephrase that: we know for certain that a man in the West Midlands has watched two porn films, and yesterday his wife was said to be "mortified" and "smiling through the pain" following the revelation. Clearly, Jacqui Smith must now go round with a fixed grin, aware that half the country is sniggering at the idea of her husband watching Lesbian Hell Sluts (or something similar) behind her back.
It's even been said that the Home Secretary's job is on the line, ostensibly because the cost of the movies appeared on her expenses – which she has promised to pay back – but really for the much more serious offence of being an overweight, middle-aged woman whose husband needs to get his rocks off elsewhere. The hypocrisy is breathtaking, but that won't help a politician who has so many previous offences to be taken into account, from showing too much cleavage at the despatch box to opposing the exploitation of women in the commercial sex industry. If we were a bit more honest about these matters – unlikely, I know, but let's give it a try – we would start by acknowledging that Ms Smith isn't married to the only man who has ever used a subscription-only "adult" channel. Reliable statistics on pornography use are hard to come by, but it was reported in the early years of the present decade that 10,000 hardcore movies were being made every year in Los Angeles for worldwide distribution. It's estimated that people in the US spend more on porn than they do on movie tickets and the performing arts combined, and I've seen it suggested that more than three million people here in the UK access internet porn on a regular basis. There's no evidence that Ms Smith's husband, Richard Timney, is into hardcore, but he did access the Virgin Media cable TV service on two occasions in April last year. As long as Mr Timney was watching explicit material that didn't involve violence or children, his wife might react in one of several ways; the idea that any normal woman would be embarrassed in these circumstances, as though she's her husband's keeper, is out of date. Some women would be cross, others would laugh it off, and one or two might be miffed that their partners didn't wait until they could watch together.
It's not as though Ms Smith has discovered her partner having three-in-a-bed sex, and there's no evidence that he's been "unfaithful" to her, except in Jimmy Carter's weird sense of the word. I'm sure the reaction would be very different if she were young, slender and beautiful – think Liz Hurley after Hugh Grant was arrested for paying a woman for oral sex – but she isn't. What we're supposed to assume is that Ms Smith can't "satisfy" her man, which isn't surprising in view of her age, appearance and the fact that she's also his boss (he runs her constituency office). There's so much wrong with this assumption that it's hard to know where to start: Ms Smith would do herself a favour if she were able to laugh it off, instead of allowing words like "mortified" to become attached to her. That's playing into the hands of her enemies, who are revelling in her embarrassment, not least because it allows them to portray her as a puritan with a shaky marriage. It should be screamingly obvious that double standards are at work, that Ms Smith is damned when she presents herself as a sexual being (those low necks) and damned again when she dares challenge the exploitation of women by traffickers and pimps. There's no contradiction there, much as her enemies pretend to have seen one. It's generally assumed that more men enjoy porn than women – the sexologist Alfred Kinsey suggested that 54 per cent of men were aroused by sexual images, compared with 12 per cent of women – but the research has almost certainly been skewed by cultural assumptions. I'm one of the authors of In Bed With, a bestselling collection of erotic fiction, and I'm pretty sure that most of our readers are women. I don't know how Ms Smith feels about adult movies, but I do know she has nothing to be ashamed of.
Joan Smith, The Independent, 31.03.09 Selon l'OCDE, la Chine se redresse, mais les économies industrialisées plongentSerait-ce le signe annonciateur d'un début d'accalmie dans la tourmente qui balaie l'économie mondiale ? La Chine résiste à la crise. Le rapport de l'Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques (OCDE), publié mardi 31 mars, souligne que, "depuis le début de 2009, certains signes donnent à penser que le pire a peut-être été atteint et que la reprise est en vue" en Chine, à laquelle l'OCDE prédit une croissance de +6,3 % en 2009.
Ces "signes" sont nombreux : sa demande a réussi à compenser en partie la forte baisse des exportations; sa production industrielle est repartie, et la Chine achète à nouveau des matières premières; les prêts bancaires s'y accélèrent; les Bourses sont en hausse de +26 % depuis le mois de novembre 2008 selon l'indice composite chinois. Les raisons de cette résilience ? "La prospérité des ménages n'a été que modestement affectée par la chute du cours des actions, dans la mesure où plus des deux tiers de la valeur totale des titres sont entre les mains d'entités contrôlées par l'Etat", souligne le rapport. La valeur des logements a continué de croître. Le secteur bancaire local n'est pas exposé, comme son homologue occidental, aux actifs à haut risque, grâce à son contrôle des capitaux. PESSIMISME Cette lueur d'espoir n'empêche pas l'OCDE de demeurer pessimiste, car l'économie mondiale ne cesse de plonger, et l'économie des pays développés plus encore. Ses statistiques font apparaître une véritable dépression au quatrième trimestre 2008 (–7,1 %) et au premier trimestre 2009 (–7 %) chez les trente membres de l'Organisation. Le ralentissement de la dégradation au cours des trois prochains trimestres (respectivement – 4 %, – 2,1 % et – 0,6 %) ne permettra pas à la zone OCDE de faire mieux qu'un recul de 4,3 % sur l'année entière, ce qui provoquera dans l'ensemble du monde un retrait de 2,75 %. "L'économie mondiale est en proie à sa récession la plus profonde et la plus synchronisée depuis des décennies", constate Klaus Schmidt-Hebbel, économiste en chef de l'OCDE, qui ne prévoit qu'une reprise lente à partir de 2010 (–0,1 % pour la seule OCDE en 2009 et +1,75 % pour l'économie mondiale), mais avec une marge d'incertitude très élevée. Ces perspectives beaucoup plus sombres qu'en novembre 2008 s'expliquent par la concomitance de deux phénomènes. "Nous pensions que la crise financière s'apaiserait début 2009, or elle persiste, explique Jean-Luc Schneider, directeur adjoint des affaires économiques de l'OCDE. En effet, après la crise déclenchée par les subprimes, le secteur financier est affecté par un deuxième choc dû au ralentissement de l'économie. D'autre part, le commerce mondial s'est effondré depuis la fin 2008, et nous prévoyons son recul de 13,2 % pour l'ensemble de 2009." L'OCDE applaudit les plans de relance mis en place presque partout pour amortir les effets dépressifs de la crise et créer des filets sociaux. Elle décerne un bon point aux Etats-Unis, dont le plan est à la fois le plus important et le mieux balancé entre baisses d'impôts et dépenses budgétaires. L'Allemagne, le Canada, l'Australie, les Pays-Bas, la Suisse, la Corée ont les moyens de mieux faire, tout comme la France, mais "il faudra que ces efforts soient assortis d'indications claires sur la façon de rétablir les finances publiques après la crise, commente M. Schneider. Sinon, une épargne de précaution se constituera dans la perspective d'une hausse des impôts… et la reprise s'en trouvera compromise."
Alain Faujas, Le Monde, 31.03.09 Ardor religioso en el Ejército israelíEran un centenar de soldados. Abandonaron la sala en el instante en que una joven colega de armas se aupó al escenario. La Halaja, ley judía, prohíbe escuchar el canto de una mujer. Sucedió a comienzos de marzo. La próxima semana se inaugura en una base militar del desierto del Negev un hotel para oficiales casados, sus familias creyentes y rabinos. La penetración de la extrema derecha religiosa (alimento de los colonos, que consideran Cisjordania y Gaza tierra otorgada por Dios a los judíos) y la influencia de los rabinos sionistas en el Ejército israelí son imparables. Imbuidos de una ideología mesiánica se hacen fuertes al compás de la creciente evasión al llamamiento a filas y de la necesidad de reclutar jóvenes motivados.
Es una tendencia que tendrá consecuencias en el hipotético supuesto de que se alcanzara un acuerdo de paz con los palestinos. ¿Quién evacuaría a los colonos de Cisjordania? Ya han surgido brotes de desobediencia. En un desalojo en Hebrón, en agosto de 2007, 12 de los 40 uniformados que debían tomar parte se negaron a cumplir órdenes. En la evacuación de colonos de una casa en esa ciudad, en diciembre, fue la policía de fronteras quien se encargó de la operación. Los laicos ashkenazis -judíos procedentes de Europa- formaron la espina dorsal del Tsahal durante 30 años. Apenas se veían kipás en las coronillas de los uniformados. Pero el Estado fundado sobre bases socialistas dejó paso al liberalismo, y el cambio en el Ejército se acomodó a la transformación social. Colisión de jerarquías Ni siquiera los especialistas pueden aportar cifras precisas sobre la composición del Ejército. Son datos secretos. Pero sólo hay que observar cualquier grupo de soldados que pululan por las calles para comprobar que los creyentes abundan. En las unidades de combate, con presencia permanente en la Cisjordania ocupada, son cada día más potentes. Yagil Levy, profesor de Ciencias Políticas de la Universidad Abierta de Israel, asegura: "Al menos el 10% de los soldados de estas unidades proceden de las mechinot [academias militares con un 50% de graduados creyentes] y las hesder yeshivas [las 45 escuelas que combinan los estudios talmúdicos con el servicio militar]". "Hay muchos más religiosos aparte de ese 10%, pero éstos son los más organizados, y mantienen vínculos con los rabinos que han puesto sus pies en el Ejército, lo que fomenta una colisión entre la jerarquía religiosa y la militar". "Hubo planes", agrega, "para dispersarlos, pero los rabinos se opusieron. Amenazaron con convertir a estos soldados en ultraortodoxos", un sector exento del servicio si demuestra que estudia en una escuela religiosa, aunque también existen unidades especiales para ellos. Por primera vez el rabino jefe del Ejército, Avichai Rontzki, es un colono. "El Ejército", añade Levy, "nunca bloqueó a los religiosos, pero hasta los años ochenta, los rabinos creían que en las unidades de combate, que pueden pasar tres semanas en Cisjordania o en el Golán, los jóvenes creyentes se podían ver expuestos a experiencias seculares. Ésta no era la atmósfera adecuada para un observante". Hoy es diferente. Antes de la guerra de Yom Kipur, en 1973, la evacuación de los territorios ocupados no estaba en la agenda. Ahora tienen una misión ideológica: proteger Eretz Israel (Israel, Cisjordania y Gaza). En Cisjordania, los colonos forman las unidades de reservistas que protegen los asentamientos, y son buen número entre los soldados regulares de la brigada Kfir, desplegada en ese territorio. La distinción entre colonos y militares se difumina. Son, en gran medida, los encargados de las continuas redadas en Cisjordania, acompañadas a menudo de violencia gratuita contra los palestinos. Pero resultan imprescindibles, dado el creciente escaqueo de los jóvenes de clase media-alta, que ha crecido ya hasta el 5%: alegan enfermedades psicológicas. "El Estado Mayor no hace casi nada. Cada vez se pueden ver más y más comandantes de batallón y de brigada que son religiosos", afirma el profesor. Motivación es la palabra clave. "El jefe del Estado Mayor, Gaby Ashkenazi, entiende muy bien que sin la gran motivación de los soldados religiosos, podemos cerrar la tienda", explica Levy. Desde el Gobierno, el bombardeo sobre los peligros que se ciernen sobre Israel es cotidiano. Analistas y ex políticos discrepan. "La gente", afirma Levy, "se siente más segura, la sensación de amenaza se hunde y la necesidad de sacrificio decae. Estos procesos provocan un descenso en la motivación, y al mismo tiempo hay más motivación entre otros grupos: beduinos y drusos, ultraortodoxos y mujeres, que tienen más opciones de ingresar en unidades de combate. No es que el Ejército se haya vuelto más liberal, es que en los años noventa se dieron cuenta de que las necesitaban". Pero nadie gana en celo patriótico a los colonos en uniforme. Los rabinos descienden al campo de batalla Nunca había ocurrido hasta la guerra de Gaza. Los rabinos acompañaron a los soldados en el campo de batalla. Difundieron panfletos en los que se animaba a "no tener piedad con el enemigo". "Estamos siendo muy violentos", advirtieron mandos castrenses en plena operación. Los jefes religiosos se dirigían primordialmente a los militares laicos. "Querían difundir la idea de que se trataba de una misión religiosa. Normalmente, una operación militar es un acto racional. Ellos quieren teologizarla", sostiene el experto Yagil Levy. La enorme potencia de fuego desatada en la franja por el Ejército israelí -"se empleó una política muy liberal, muy flexible a la hora de emplear la fuerza. No siempre el término liberal es positivo", sonríe el profesor- respondió también a otros factores. En primer lugar, el Gobierno estaba muy preocupado por las bajas tras la segunda guerra de Líbano. "Si se producen muchas bajas entre los soldados, la campaña se termina", asegura Levy. A diferencia de la contienda de 2006, todo se planeó al detalle. Incluso el momento de lanzar la guerra, cuando en los países occidentales se disfrutaban las vacaciones de Navidad. Y más importante: se buscó que la campaña militar gozara de gran legitimidad entre la población israelí. "Nunca", explica Levy, "ha sido tan documentado y expuesto en los medios el sufrimiento de los israelíes atacados por los árabes como fueron los lanzamientos de cohetes contra Sderot y las comunidades vecinas. Cuando había atentados terroristas se intentaba proyectar la imagen de que todo volvía a la normalidad rápidamente. En Sderot ha sido al contrario. Se ha mostrado el sufrimiento continuo, y eso unido a los sentimientos nacionalistas, a los postulados de los rabinos y a la convicción de que la misión era legítima, generó esa agresividad".
Juan Miguel Muñoz, El pais, 31.03.09 Melody Gardot: Music is my love - men are just my loversMelody Gardot’s soul-drenched voice sings torch songs about love and disappointment, of pain being part of life. Gardot has learnt not only to live with pain but to use it to give her a new life as a musician. We meet in her overheated hotel suite in Los Angeles. A raucous dinner was planned, but Gardot is feeling fragile. She still walks with a stick and wears tinted glasses at all times because she can’t look at light. She likes to drink cognac and smoke cigars and talk about sex, but the accident she was in five years ago still takes its toll on her, emotionally and physically. When she was 19 she was cycling with purpose — she thinks maybe to go to the bank. The exact errand, along with a lot of what happened in her life, has been wiped from her brain. A Cherokee Jeep went through a red light and knocked her to the ground. She remembers struggling and she remembers not being able to move, and that if pain was given marks out of 10, this pain would be 40. Then she remembers the hospital. They were trying to cut her clothes off. She remembers screaming “No!” as they got to her newly purchased Agent Provocateur bra. The accident was so severe, with serious injuries to her head, back and pelvis, that she was bedridden for a year. Her muscles atrophied and she had to be taught how to walk again. She couldn’t remember anything, like how to brush her teeth. Words, in which she had been very fluent, a straight-A student, crumbled away. Before the accident, she’d played the piano, and it was suggested that music therapy, which has been proven to help redefine neural pathways, would benefit her. She was bought a guitar, which she learnt to play while supine. At this point she could barely stand. But the music brought her back to herself. “Music is the thing that saved me. It’s the thing that gave me purpose. In my mind it made me walk. It gave me the dignity of being a human being who could do something, and we all need purpose. If nothing defines your character, nothing gives you the ability to wake up in the morning. I think we can easily lose the passion to exist, and then it becomes hard to wake up, hard to go to sleep. So in that sense, music has become my priority. Music is my love. Probably the greatest love of all for me. Men are just my lovers.” A friend who was impressed by her songwriting — always simple, pure, clear, from deep inside her — created a MySpace page for her. Then came a request to play a gig at a well-known cool venue in Philadelphia, where she was living. Then WXPN, the radio station that helped to launch Norah Jones’s career, called asking for a demo, which she didn’t have but quickly got together. And that resulted in a deal with the world’s biggest record company, Universal. An insider, who asked not to be named, says her album My One and Only Thrill, is this year’s top priority, with U2’s new album. She’s wearing leggings that are a little too baggy for her skinny limbs. Her foot is scarred from swimming into coral. She catches me looking at them. “I can’t walk too well, but I can swim like you wouldn’t believe.” Resolutely, her glass is always half-full and brimming with vintage champagne. “The accident made me a writer, musically. In fact, it was a catalyst in so many ways that I didn’t expect. In the beginning I wrote like someone who was trying to make a record. It’s like an artist’s sketchbook. And then music became something else for me, a bodily function, like a fart. You just have to let it out. “I wrote before I could walk. At around nine months I first made an attempt to walk, but when I wasn’t in therapy I was in bed. About 13 months post-accident I was walking with a cane, but like Frankenstein.” (She means Frankenstein’s monster.) “It took four different intensive therapies to walk with fluidity in my gait, and even now if I get cold, it hurts and makes my muscles tight, so I had this little wobble thing. “I learnt to play the guitar on my back, so it’s strange to relearn it, as I am now able to sit. I get really bad vertigo when I stand up, so I don’t want to run the risk of being known as a collapsing musician.” Did she ever get vertigo before? “No, it was all part of the damage to my nervous system. The top and bottom of my spine was damaged as well as my pelvis. This also means that your sensitivity to light and sound is affected, so I’ve had lots of therapy: vision therapy, music therapy, walking therapy.” It is the music therapy that not only saved her life but gave her a whole new one. “When I was 16, I played in a piano bar [it started when she ran out of petrol and needed to make her petrol money home]. I’d play the Mamas and the Papas and Radiohead. But writing my own songs couldn’t have been further from my mind.” Even though she walks with a cane, she always wears very high heels. She likes to be extreme: “I have high arches. I don’t even own sneakers.” In a rather Buddhist-like way, she has no home and few possessions. She travels with just two suitcases: one small, one big. She found that she was permanently on tour, so she got rid of her flat in Philadelphia, and gave her furniture and cat away to friends. She says she doesn’t miss the flat. She shows me a picture of it on her MacBook. It was sparse: a piano, big windows, blond-wood floors. She misses her cat, though. “I used to use Maestro as a gauge for songs when I was writing,” she says. “If he didn’t like it, he’d go and sit on the other side of the room.” She shows me pictures of Maestro, a tuxedo cat. “He is handsome. I have two rules if you want to live with me: you need to be handsome and well behaved. He made the grade.” She says she has a relationship, but she’s loath to use the word “boyfriend”. “There is somebody I would say I favour very deeply.” Just what you would expect from someone who doesn’t think it’s right even to own books. “I think books are for libraries. I read them four or five times and I give them to friends, because they are in my brain. But I do have three books that travel in my suitcase: a Voltaire, and Zen Mind, which is a Buddhist book, and a book of homeopathic recipes.” Her memories are like her possessions. A few are treasured, but many seem to have gone, been given away or lost. It’s unclear whether that is to do with the accident or a disposition that refuses to hang onto anything. On the album, she sings Over the Rainbow. She grew up being looked after by her grandmother, who constantly played her The Wizard of Oz. She also had The Sound of Music, but her grandmother forbade her to watch it. “She loved that movie because she came from Vienna. It is rumoured that my great-grandfather was a conductor in Poland.” Why rumoured? Was he lost in the Holocaust? “Not that I know of. It’s just that that generation kept things secret; they would never talk about anything.” She too won’t be drawn. “I think she just wanted to keep The Sound of Music very pure. She died very young, as did my grandfather: they didn’t survive past their late fifties. My mum was working heavily until I was seven or eight. You know what single mums are like — working, working, three jobs. So I was raised mostly by my grandmother.” Her mother still lives in New Jersey, where she grew up. She is now a photographer. And what about your father, did you know him? “No, not at all.” The calm slips away momentarily. The only noise is the whir of the air conditioning. “I’d prefer not to go into it.” I’ve been told that she doesn’t even know who her father is, but she doesn’t confirm that. Instead she says: “My mum married and I had a stepfather for a little while.” He too seems to have evaporated. “I prefer cats. They are independent. Mine would jump up and kiss me on the nose, and he would sleep with me or he wouldn’t. It was his choice.” Do you prefer your men the same way? “Yes, a lack of need is really attractive to me. I don’t like needy. I don’t like to be needy, though I like to be taken care of. That’s important to me.” So her boyfriend couldn’t be too needy? “I have to say it’s very difficult to do anything while I’m constantly touring, and I think monogamy is boring in a lot of ways. I think when you love somebody you love them openly. You cherish them for the time you are together. I don’t believe in one person for everything. I think you meet people for different reasons, whether you fall in love for a moment or you just love them. You pass through, learn from each other. You comfort each other at that time… Unless they are jerks. “I’m a very independent person, and I don’t believe there’s much to be gained from putting my stability in another person’s hands. Maybe it’s because I was raised by a single mum and most of my experience has been around women who are strongly independent. You bring what you bring to the table, and if they have things to offer they offer them, but you don’t need them.” Perhaps it has come from a place further away than that. Her upbringing seems very peripatetic, and she was unable to form attachments for long. “We lived like gypsies. I cannot tell you how many times my mum would come home and say, ‘Put everything you want into a bag — we’re going.’ ” Was that because she couldn’t pay the rent? “Maybe.” She gives me a gurgling laugh. “It was called Black Bag Day. At one point, I remember, I had a lot of stuffed animals because we’d been in this place for about a year and a half — long for us. I decided to take all the animals, no clothing. But she peered into the bag and said, ‘You can’t take all your animals — only three. You need to put in clothing.’ I don’t have any of them now. It brings back painful memories. That idea of suitcase space. Everything is primary.” As often happens with only children of single parents, she grew up fast. She seems too wise for her 25 years. Was she in a way the nurturer to her mother? “In some ways, yes,” she says. Her voice carries sadness, yet she is not sad. It’s the same voice that’s on her album: nurturing yet distant. The pain once severely felt is now remote. “I’ve never really thought about that making me grow up faster. I’ve always just checked myself off as an old soul. But yes, I was cooking her dinner for when she would come home when I was at least seven. I remember her teaching me how to cook eggs because she couldn’t be there. I remember doing my own laundry as a kid. “It’s rare that I meet people who are my age that I relate to. I love the world of the elderly, because of how much they’ve seen, but I also adore really young people. It’s the middle section that I get bored with.” Her mother was on holiday in China when Melody had her accident. Her messages didn’t arrive until four days after she was hit. “By the time she got the message, she was completely freaked out, and I was so stressed out and crying and in a mess, in and out of consciousness. I couldn’t see, because I had a bad disruption of my vision. But I heard her voice, and my whole body relaxed. That’s when I realised how comforting a woman’s voice can be,” she says, in a very nurturing way. Interestingly, she doesn’t say “my mother’s voice”. She says they are close, although she is not often photographed by her any more because it’s uncomfortable. Mother would always want less cleavage than daughter. Until recently, Gardot had to travel with a physical therapist, and she often has a Tens machine strapped around her waist, which delivers impulses to the body to reduce pain. She knows yoga therapists and Pilates practitioners and craniosacral masseurs in every part of the world. She loves to cook, always requesting a hotel room with a kitchen, and she tries to eat macrobiotic food and to be aligned with the seasons: pineapples and coconuts in the summer, miso soups and oily fish in the winter. “If I branch out from that diet, there are consequences physically. I can, but only in moderation. I really love cognac. That is my big vice. I don’t drink it daily, or even weekly, but I do it often when I’m performing because it’s really soothing.” She says she generally fasts on planes, and today she is feeling a little queasy because yesterday she ate on one. Her skin looks chalk-pale, and you are in awe of how so much strength can come from so much fragility. She says she’s too nauseous to come out to dinner and, besides, she has to get up for a video shoot at 4am. The next day, Gardot disappears, and then we learn that she is in hospital. On the way to said video shoot, her car crashed into another. Shaken by the fact that history had repeated itself, she cancelled her visit to Japan and stayed in the hospital in Los Angeles for a few days. It does seem disturbing that lightning would strike twice, even though it wasn’t in so severe a way. Is there something about her karma that means she is an accident waiting to happen? Listening to her songs, you feel the torture and chaos that have been buried in calm smoothness. At her most fragile, she is at her strongest.
Chrissy Iley, The Sunday Times, 29.03.09 Plusieurs dizaines de migrants disparus au large de la LibyeLe naufrage d'une embarcation chargée d'immigrés clandestins en route pour l'Europe, dimanche soir au large de la Libye, a fait au moins 21 morts et un nombre indéterminé de disparus, a annoncé lundi 30 mars, un responsable du ministère de l'intérieur libyen. Vingt-trois passagers de "nationalités africaines et arabes" ont pu être sauvés par les garde-côtes libyens et 21 corps ont été repêchés, dont ceux d'une femme et de son enfant, ajoute ce responsable cité par le journal Oea, mardi 31 mars.
"Les autorités libyennes ont confirmé les naufrages, et nos sources diplomatiques à Tripoli font état de 300 personnes portées disparues", a indiqué le porte-parole de l'OIM (Organisation internationale pour les migrations), Jean-Philippe Chauzy. "Il semble que les trois bateaux étaient surchargés et ont coulé alors que le vent soufflait en tempête. Un quatrième bateau en difficulté a pu être remorqué jusqu'à la côte", a-t-il ajouté. "Trois barques sont parties dimanche de Sidi-Belal , dans la banlieue de Tripoli, transportant en tout 257 personnes. Une a coulé, mais nous ignorons si les autres embarcations sont arrivées à destination", a ajouté le responsable sans préciser le nombre de personnes qui étaient à bord de l'embarcation naufragée. Par ailleurs, environ 350 clandestins dont l'embarcation était en difficulté au large des côtes libyennes ont été sauvés lundi par un tanker italien, a encore indiqué le responsable libyen. Plus tôt, un haut responsable égyptien avait affirmé qu'un bateau transportant 257 migrants clandestins avait fait naufrage à une trentaine de kilomètres des côtes libyennes.
Le Monde, 31.03.09 Los jugadores del Barça lo quieren todoLos asuntos internos del Barça de Pep nada tienen que ver con la autocomplacencia. Cuando nadie les ve, incluso a escondidas del propio ideario del técnico, los jugadores hacen cuentas y se recortan las estadísticas de los periódicos. Y hay una especialmente que les tiene prisioneros de su ambición, la posibilidad de conquistar el triplete, esa corona única de tres gemas que constituye la Liga, la Champions y la Copa. Por de pronto, el equipo está en la final de la Copa, un premio a la propia profesionalidad y 'hambre' del vestuario, pues se trata de una competición donde, a juicio de todos los analistas, el actual líder de la Liga tiene mucho más que perder que ganar. Además, ha supuesto un esfuerzo extra durante los meses de enero y de febrero que algunos jugadores han pagado en forma de lesiones y de fatiga de combate. Pero no importa, así lo quería el grupo, que susurra en la ducha y en voz baja, para que no les oiga el entrenador, con asegurar la Liga y luchar por estar en la final de la Champions League, en Roma, el 27 de Mayo. Lo que Pep exige es asegurar la Liga, el título que, con toda la razón mundo, da la estabilidad y confianza a un equipo para ganarlo todo. Nadie lo dirá abiertamente, pero en la trastienda sueñan con ese 'trebol' que el Real Madrid tampoco tiene. Sólo Manchester (99), PSV(88), Ajax (72) y Celtic (67) lo han conquistado antes.
Mundo Deportivo, 31.03.09 http://www.elmundodeportivo.es/web/gen/20090331/noticia_53671512670.html Often Split, Arab Leaders Unite for Sudan’s ChiefArab leaders may be divided over which Palestinian faction to support and what to do about Iran’s rising influence, but they have found one cause to rally around: protecting the president of Sudan from charges that he orchestrated the rape, killing and widespread pillaging in Darfur.
Arab leaders gathered for their annual summit meeting in Doha, Qatar, on Monday, hoping to patch over their many differences. But they had little trouble agreeing to an effusive embrace of Omar Hassan al-Bashir, the president of Sudan, who was indicted by the International Criminal Court this month for war crimes and crimes against humanity. The court also issued a warrant for his arrest. The emir of Qatar, Sheik Hamad bin Khalifa al-Thani, greeted Mr. Bashir at the airport with a red carpet treatment, a warm embrace and a kiss on the cheek. Even before the meeting began, Amr Moussa, the secretary general of the Arab League, said the member states would “continue our efforts to halt the implementation of the warrant.” Arab leaders have closed ranks around a fellow head of state in the face of pressure from the West and condemnation from human rights groups around the world. They have argued that the International Criminal Court compromised Sudan’s sovereignty. Their supporters said the court’s action revealed the West’s double standard in dealing with Arabs by indicting Mr. Bashir while taking no action against what they saw as war crimes committed by Israel during its offensive in Gaza. They added that the indictment undermined efforts at bringing about a negotiated settlement by inflaming the situation. “The leaders reject attempts to politicize the principles of international justice and using them to undermine the sovereignty, unity and stability of Sudan,” read a resolution drafted by foreign ministers before the meeting. The Syrian president, Bashar al-Assad, opened the summit meeting with a speech calling for Arab leaders to reject the court’s action. “What is happening now with regards to Sudan is a new chapter in the chapters that consider the Arabs weak and disrespect the sovereignty of their countries,” he said. “As for their weak pretexts about fabricated crimes committed by Sudan, we can discuss it with them after they bring those who committed the atrocities and massacres in Palestine, Lebanon and Iraq to the court implicated for the same crimes, but ones that are not fabricated, but rather proven with documents and incidents,” Mr. Assad added. The United Nations secretary general, Ban Ki-moon, who also attended the conference, sharply criticized Mr. Bashir for expelling aid agencies in response to the court’s call for his arrest. “Relief efforts should not become politicized,” he said. “People in need must be helped, irrespective of political differences.” There was also some criticism of the Arab League’s decision to welcome Mr. Bashir. Some critics said their leaders had embarrassed the Arab world and were supporting Mr. Bashir not on the strength of their convictions but from a sense of self-preservation. “The leaders’ position is their own self-defense, because they don’t want to open the door to an international tribunal of any kind that will open the file of any crimes they committed against humanity or against their own people,” said Saad al-Ajmi, a former Kuwaiti minister of information. “Most of those regimes are actually dictatorships, and most of them have their hands smeared with the blood of their own people.” An independent group called the Doha Center for Media Freedom condemned Mr. Bashir’s participation in the summit meeting and said that it was hypocritical for Arabs to want Israel to be investigated for its actions in Gaza and then “complain about it if a friendly country is involved.” When the International Criminal Court issued a warrant for Mr. Bashir’s arrest, it charged that he played an “essential role” in the murder, rape, torture, pillage and displacement of large numbers of civilians in Darfur. The only Arab states to participate in the court are Jordan, Djibouti and the Comoros. The United States has also rejected participating in the court. The court’s action against Mr. Bashir came at a time of heightened tension among Arab states over how to respond to Israel’s offensive in Gaza and to relations with Iran. The defense of Mr. Bashir drew a rare consensus, even among those hostile to each other, like President Hosni Mubarak of Egypt and Qatar’s emir. Mr. Mubarak did not attend the summit meeting in Qatar, but he instead invited Mr. Bashir to visit Cairo before the conference. The Arab consensus on Mr. Bashir has partly been attributed to a feeling of resentment in a region that is still sensitive to what it views as Western colonial arrogance. “It is as if the court and those who support it think they have the power to appoint and fire presidents,” said Faisal Mekdad, the Syrian vice minister of foreign affairs, during a conversation on the side of the summit meeting in Doha, Qatar’s capital. Syria may have an additional motive for denouncing the arrest warrant, because its leadership is said to be concerned that the international investigation into the killing of a former Lebanese prime minister may implicate or even indict high-ranking Syrian figures. Whatever the motives, the pro-Bashir stance is likely to play well with the Arab public, said Sarkis Naoum, a columnist for the Lebanese newspaper Al Nahar. “Arabs are happy to see their leaders facing up the Security Council or other international bodies,” Mr. Naoum said. “And this has become a tool for regimes to try to gain more legitimacy.” That certainly appeared to be the case for Mr. Bashir, who sat alongside other Arab leaders and delivered a rambling diatribe against the International Criminal Court and the United Nations Security Council.
Michael Slackman and Robert F. Worth, The New York Times, 31.03.09 http://www.nytimes.com/2009/03/31/world/africa/31arab.html?ref=world Mamiso, dans l’esprit de SengeCofondateur du trio Senge qui avait reçu le Prix Découvertes RFI en 1999, Mamiso s’est désormais mis à son compte pour poursuivre sa carrière. Avec son premier album Espoir Fanantenana, le chanteur malgache fait découvrir ses propres compositions tout en conservant la spécificité artistique de son ancien groupe : les polyphonies.
Il a troqué son prénom français contre un prénom malgache. Installé à Lyon, à 10000 kilomètres de sa terre natale, Yvon a choisi de devenir Mamiso, diminutif de Mamisolofo, pour réapparaître sur le devant de la scène musicale. Après la disparition du leader de Senge en 2000, le trio dont il était membre a poursuivi en duo le temps d’un album paru trois ans plus tard.
S’il a, depuis, pris part à des projets collectifs tels que le Global Meeting Vocal, "un ensemble de chanteurs qui viennent des quatre coins du monde", ou le groupe Ketsa qu’il a formé en 2003, c’est aujourd’hui en solo que rebondit cet artiste bientôt quarantenaire. "C’est toujours mieux de travailler à plusieurs, de partager. Mais quand tu es seul, tu as un petit avantage : tu avances plus vite, parce que tu as l’idée, le schéma en tête et tu n’as pas besoin de l’expliquer à quelqu’un d’autre", analyse-t-il.
La méthode était certainement la plus efficiente pour enregistrer les morceaux d’Espoir Fantanenana, d’autant que sur cet album autoproduit − et partiellement financé par une souscription − Mamiso a opté pour une formule a cappella qu’il maîtrise parfaitement. "Je voulais encore rendre hommage à la voix malgache", souligne celui qui, au regard de son parcours, fait figure de spécialiste des polyphonies.
De la variété aux polyphonies Marqué par les chants qui rythmaient la vie quotidienne dans la campagne de la région de Fianarantsoa où il a passé son enfance, ce fils d’instituteur a pourtant débuté dans un tout autre registre : "Quand j’étais à la fac de Tuléar [sud de Madagascar, ndlr], j’avais mon groupe. On avait sorti un album, Fitiavana Feno. C’était une cassette pour le marché local. Pas du tout a cappella, mais de la variété parce que j’étais influencé par ce que j’entendais." Lorsque Sengemana le sollicite au milieu des années 90 pour participer au trio vocal que ce chanteur réputé veut monter afin de défendre le chant beko du sud de la Grande Île, le jeune homme prend alors conscience de la richesse culturelle de son pays. "Ça m’a conduit à revenir à la source de la musique malgache." A son tour, il a appris à faire découvrir sa propre culture et son pays. D’abord à l’occasion des tournées internationales effectuées avec Senge, puis à travers les nombreux ateliers qu’il anime et les interventions qu’il aime faire devant des publics de circonstance, auprès des enfants comme en maison de retraite. Mais le savoir faire de Mamiso est loin de se limiter à ces cercles quasi confidentiels ou communautaires. Depuis qu’il est arrivé en France en 2001, il accompagne également d’autres artistes qui ont été séduits par ses qualités et son expérience pour l’embaucher en tant que choriste, en particulier le Mahorais Mikidache avec lequel il part régulièrement sur les routes. Entre voisins de l’Océan Indien, le courant passe naturellement.
Bertrand Lavaine, Radio France Internationale, 31.03.09 http://www.rfimusique.com/musiquefr/articles/111/article_17567.asp Berlusconi exige más poder en ItaliaSilvio Berlusconi ha sido elegido este domingo presidente del Pueblo de la Libertad a mano alzada y por unanimidad de los casi 6.000 delegados. El nuevo partido, que aglutina los restos de Forza Italia y Alianza Nacional, ha cerrado su congreso fundacional a la búlgara y con otro discurso del líder único. Berlusconi ha dicho que reformará la Constitución para "reforzar los poderes del primer ministro" y ha anunciado que será el cabeza de lista del partido a las Europeas.
"Por desgracia, el primer ministro de Italia no tiene los mismos poderes que los de las grandes democracias", ha explicado Berlusconi dirigiéndose a los "periodistas extranjeros" presentes. "Los poderes son casi inexistentes, poderes falsos, y el Gobierno no puede intervenir con prontitud. Decide el orden del día del consejo, pero no puede ni cesar a los ministros. Y el Estado es dramáticamente lento". La solución es "un nuevo equilibrio de la separación de poderes" y "modernizar la arquitectura institucional", para hacer más "eficaz y rápido" el papel del Parlamento y dar "más poder al Gobierno". "El Ejecutivo debe gobernar y el Legislativo debe legislar y controlar", ha matizado. Ante una platea entregada, que ha aplaudido 60 veces en 71 minutos, Berlusconi ha asegurado que hará la reforma "con o sin la oposición", y ha recordado que la izquierda ya boicoteó su reforma en 2005 acusándole de forma "ridícula" de "deriva autoritaria". "Si ahora quieren dialogar, seré el primero en alegrarme", ha dicho, "porque el país necesita gobernabilidad". Para retocar la Constitución hacen falta dos tercios del Parlamento. La insistencia de Berlusconi, a quien casi nadie discute el diagnóstico sobre la parálisis del sistema político, sigue levantando sospechas en el centro izquierda. Según ha dicho Antonio di Pietro, líder de Italia de los Valores, Berlusconi trata de convertirse en un "ducetto", es decir un pequeño Mussolini. Tras las andanadas del discurso de apertura, Berlusconi ha vuelto a definir a la oposición como "facciosa y anticuada" y, citando a su ministro de Economía, Giulio Tremonti, ha reiterado que "no hacen oposición al Gobierno sino al país". En Europa, el PDL estará inscrito en el Partido Popular Europeo, cuyos líderes han seguido calurosamente el congreso. Berlusconi ha mostrado la carta de valores del PPE, y ha dedicado algunos "a esos que denigran el berlusconismo": "Libertad, igualdad, democracia, carácter sagrado de la vida, defensa de la familia natural". Berlusconi aspira a formar el "grupo más numeroso del próximo Parlamento Europeo", y por eso será candidato él mismo. "Será una cosa simbólica, soy el líder y es una obligación. Sería bonito que haga lo mismo el líder de la oposición". Al hablar de medioambiente, ha pedido a los ciudadanos que dejen de hacer pintadas en las paredes para devolver el decoro a las ciudades. Se ha mostrado convencido de que el partido le sobrevivirá y marcará "durante décadas" la política italiana. Como gran final, ministros y altos cargos públicos han subido al palco, y han cantado el Himno a la alegría de Beethoven, con estribillo ad hoc: "Meno male che Silivo c'e" (menos mal que tenemos a Silvio)".
Miguel Mora, El Pais, 29.03.09 Another Foe of Chechen Leader Shot Dead AbroadA former general in Chechnya and foe of the republic’s Kremlin-backed president was shot over the weekend in the Persian Gulf emirate of Dubai, and the police there said Monday that he had died.
The former general, Sulim B. Yamadayev, was shot at least three times outside an elite apartment complex in Dubai in what appeared to be an assassination, the police said. It was unclear exactly when the attack took place. The identity of the man who was killed was the subject of conflicting reports. Officials of the hospital in Dubai said that two Chechen brothers, whose names were not released, had been shot during the attack. One died, they said, while the other was in critical condition. The attack evokes others on Chechens, in Russia and abroad, who ran afoul of President Ramzan A. Kadyrov. The Kremlin has invested Mr. Kadyrov with almost unchecked authority in a bid to return stability to Chechnya after nearly a decade of bloody war and political turmoil. With Moscow’s blessing, Mr. Kadyrov has created a personality cult and imposed his own interpretation of Islamic morality in Chechnya, whose population is predominately Muslim. He has also built a powerful security force that has all but crushed Chechnya’s separatist movement, often, rights groups say, with the help of torture and extrajudicial killings. In January, a Chechen hit man tracked down and killed Umar S. Israilov, a former bodyguard of Mr. Kadyrov, who had received asylum in Austria after accusing the president, and officials in his circle, of kidnapping, torture and murder. Ruslan Yamadayev, one of Sulim’s brothers, was shot dead in his car last September as he waited in a traffic jam in Moscow just outside the White House, the government building where the offices of Prime Minister Vladimir V. Putin are situated. Mr. Kadyrov’s government has denied responsibility for these deaths and others, and Alvi A. Karimov, Mr. Kadyrov’s spokesman, said Monday that the president had no information about the killing in Dubai. “We hope that the truth will be established and the guilty found,” Mr. Karimov said. Sulim Yamadayev, who until last year commanded his own heavily armed fighting force in Chechnya, was perhaps Mr. Kadyrov’s most powerful and well-known adversary and had often clashed with the president. A separatist fighter in Russia’s first Chechen war in the 1990s, Mr. Yamadayev, 36, switched allegiances and fought with pro-Moscow forces in the second war, which began in 1999. He was later named head of the Vostok Battalion, a contingent of former separatists, co-opted into the Russian Army, that became notorious for its daring raids on militants’ hide-outs and its callous disregard for civilian casualties. Mr. Putin awarded both Mr. Yamadayev and Mr. Kadyrov the Hero of Russia medal, the country’s highest honor. Mr. Yamadayev ultimately emerged as something of an independent power center in Chechnya. He was backed by Moscow, but his growing authority brought him into conflict with Mr. Kadyrov. Last April, an altercation on a country road between troops from the Vostok Battalion and guards from Mr. Kadyrov’s motorcade ended in gunfire. Some reports said Mr. Kadyrov had personally intervened to avoid bloodshed. Soon, Mr. Yamadayev was stripped of his command and charged with involvement in kidnappings and murders, though there have been persistent reports that he commanded his Vostok troops in fighting last August during Russia’s war with Georgia. According to Russian news reports citing relatives of Mr. Yamadayev, he, his wife and their six children left Russia in December and were living in Turkey and the United Arab Emirates.
Michael Schwirtz, The New York Times, 31.03.09 http://www.nytimes.com/2009/03/31/world/europe/31chechnya.html?ref=world Katabox, sacrée tagueuseElle est grande et blonde, elle a les yeux bleus, un teint de porcelaine et l’allure d’un mannequin… Autant dire qu’elle ne ressemble pas à l’idée qu’on se fait d’un tagueur ! Le tag est un art. En tout cas, il peut l’être : il entre au Grand Palais aujourd’hui. Respect ! On y trouve des génies, des amateurs, des hommes d’affaires et pas mal de musiciens. En banlieue comme ailleurs. Katrin Fridriks, alias Katabox, alias LadyK (ses pseudonymes de tagueuse), est islandaise, polyglotte et nomade. Elle parle sept langues, elle a vécu à Paris, mais aussi au Luxembourg, en Allemagne, aux États-Unis, et elle vient de l’univers du TAG (abréviation de tag and graff, « tag » pour signature et « graff » pour graffiti). Quand l’architecte Alain-Dominique Gallizia – généreux hurluberlu à l’initiative d’une commande de 300 tags aux plus grands représentants de cet art – lui propose de figurer dans « la » collection (1) (qu’il s’engage à faire connaître et à ne jamais vendre), elle n’hésite pas. Couleurs vives sur fond rouge, composition serrée, graphisme subtil, c’est un tag secret. Le deal de Gallizia ? Un format imposé, 60 centimètres de haut sur 180 centimètres de long, semblable à un wagon, support classique des tagueurs, et divisé en deux pour rentrer dans sa Smart, la toile de gauche devant recevoir la signature de l’artiste, celle de droite le thème de l’amour. Pour les graffeurs, un défi : on ne parle pas d’amour dans la rue ! « J’ai commencé à taguer vers l’âge de 15 ans. On n’apprend pas le tag à l’École des beaux-arts ! A 18 ans, en 1992, j’ai tagué à Paris, un peu dans le quartier du Marais, sur des palissades et dans des squats du XIXe arrondissement. A Berlin aussi, un peu partout… Mais Paris est une ville trop belle pour être taguée, et on ne tague que sur des murs à l’abandon. » A la regarder évoluer dans son atelier de Clichy entre toiles, photos, ordinateur, pots de peinture posés à même le sol, frigo et casque de moto tagués, on se dit qu’elle a dû vivre plusieurs vies… « Le tag, c’est l’énergie, la rapidité, la gratuité, le jeu avec les interdits. C’est aussi une histoire d’hommes, de clans et de rivalités… Je n’avais pas envie d’entrer sur un ring pour défendre mon territoire. A 20 ans, je suis entrée dans une galerie. » Tout en gardant ce mélange de pop art américain, de calligraphie asiatique et de graphisme allemand qui font sa patte. Et pas mal d’amis. « En jean et baskets, des bombes (de couleur !) dans les poches, ils se cachent sous la capuche de leur sweat. Mais quand ils vous ont accepté, ils savent se montrer généreux et respectueux de votre travail. » Comme le New-Yorkais Toxic, un de ses amis de longue date, proche de Basquiat, et de Rammelzee, autre artiste graffeur hyperdoué, avec qui il a fondé les Africans Hollywood. Solidaires entre eux, ils appartiennent à tous les milieux, du plus populaire au plus huppé, et ils se cooptent. André, le patron du Baron, est un graffeur. Bando, franco-américain, a importé l’art du tag and graff, de New York à Paris dans les années quatre-vingt… rue du Bac dans le VIIe arrondissement où il vit ! C’est la guerre des tags avec Psyckoze, qui opère rue de Varenne, et Spirit, dont le terrain de jeu se situe boulevard Saint-Germain. Avant d’émigrer vers les palissades du Louvre en travaux ; puis vers le terrain vague de Stalingrad dans le XIXe arrondissement, la « Mecque de la culture hip-hop », où ils retrouvent des tagueurs venus de partout. Il y avait là Toxic, Bando et sa bande, A. one, grand artiste américain aujourd’hui disparu, Jay One, figure incontournable du graffiti en France, Jonone, le New-Yorkais qui expose lui aussi au Grand Palais. Tous ceux qui comptent…Aujourd’hui, Katrin, électron libre du tag, a opéré « un retour aux sources » vers son Islande natale. Elle a tagué un rocher d’une longue coulée bleue… (1) Le TAG au Grand Palais – la collection Gallizia, jusqu’au 26 avril. Renseignements sur www.grandpalais.fr.
Patricia Boyer de Latour, Le Figaro, 27.03.09 http://madame.lefigaro.fr/culture/enquetes/493-katabox-sacree-tagueuse Weimar festeja el aniversario de la Bauhaus con una gran muestraLa Fundación Clásica de Weimar (este de Alemania) ha presentado hoy una exposición dedicada al 90º aniversario del movimiento artístico Bauhaus compuesta por 1.200 piezas y que se inaugura esta semana centro de un programa de varios actos festivos. En el marco del programa cultural Das Bauhaus kommt (Llega la Bauhaus) Weimar exhibirá en varios de sus edificios emblemáticos, como el Museo Goethe, obras de Vasily Kandinsky, Paul Klee y Laszlo Moholy e incluso muebles diseñados por Marcel Breuer cedidos desde museos de París, Madrid, Roma y Nueva York.
La ciudad repasará las distintas vertientes del movimiento desde sus talleres de metal y madera, sus primeras manifestaciones arquitectónicas y sus creaciones de diseño y de pintura. "Queremos mostrar que Weimar fue la cuna y el caldo de cultivo de la Bauhaus", ha dicho hoy el presidente de la Fundación, Hellmut Seeman en alusión a un movimiento que posteriormente fundó escuelas en Dessau y Berlín. Das Bauhau kommt forma parte de los actos conmemorativos organizados por el estado federado de Turingia con motivo del aniversario de ese movimiento artístico y arquitectónico que surgió en Weimar en 1919. A esta exposición, que concluye el 5 de julio, le seguirá en verano una gran retrospectiva sobre la Bauhaus en Berlín , que se exhibirá en el museo Martin Gropius Bau. La muestra berlinesa, que podrá visitarse del 21 de julio al 4 de octubre, tendrá unos mil objetos, procedentes de colecciones de todo el mundo, y viajará posteriormente al Museo de Arte Moderno de Nueva York (MoMA). La ciudad alemana de Dessau (este de Alemania), donde se implantaron como escuela los fundadores del movimiento, también festejará el aniversario de la Bauhaus con simposios, exposiciones, talleres y espectáculos de danza y teatro. "En cierta manera en 2009 no estamos haciendo otra cosa más que lo que hizo la propia Bauhaus en 1919. Salir de Weimar hacia Dessau y Berlín y de ahí al resto del mundo, especialmente a Nueva York", explicó Annemarie Jaeggi, directora del Archivo Bauhaus de Berlín, que ha colaborado con la muestra de Weimar. Conjunción de clasicismo y vanguardia Las múltiples exhibiciones que se sucederán este año en Alemania ahondarán en ese movimiento artístico de referencia que imprimió un sello propio principalmente en la arquitectura y el diseño del siglo XX y es exponente de la conjunción entre lo clásico y la vanguardia. La historia del movimiento es corta, desde su fundación en 1919 en Weimar por Walter Gropius, hasta su implantación como escuela en Dessau, en 1925, y, finalmente, el cierre forzado de su segundo centro en Berlín, en 1933, con la llegada de Hitler al poder. Sin embargo, el modelo no murió con el ostracismo impuesto por el nazismo, sino que fue exportado con éxito a Estados Unidos, donde emigraron algunos de sus principales creadores, como el propio Gropius o el arquitecto Ludwig Mies van der Rohe. La influencia de éstos desde su exilio no se limitó a la vanguardia estadounidense, sino que se extendió por el resto del mundo occidental, especialmente en Europa.
El Pais, 30.03.09 Haiti’s Woes Are Top Test for Aid EffortPaul Collier, a leading poverty guru, spent a recent morning here waxing positive about how the world’s economic freefall might prove the perfect moment for Haiti to sell more exports like T-shirts and mangoes to Americans.
His improbable enthusiasm coincided with appearances by a bevy of luminaries descending on Haiti this month, including Ban Ki-moon, the United Nations secretary general, and the entire Security Council. All of them came to stress that this destitute nation stands at a crossroads between salvation and “the darkness,” as Mr. Ban put it. The spotlight was calculated. A landscape of deepening woe is emerging among the world’s most destitute. About 46 million more people are expected to tumble into poverty this year amid the largest decline in global trade in 80 years, according to the World Bank. The results ripple through every index. An additional 200,000 to 400,000 infants, for example, may die every year for the next six years because of the crisis, the bank said. Amid the turmoil, the United Nations is reminding the world’s wealthy nations, however embattled their finances, not to forget the poorest. A panel commissioned by the United Nations General Assembly suggested on Thursday that one percent of any nation’s stimulus package be set aside for poor countries, while Mr. Ban has vowed that when he joins the leaders of the Group of 20 at their economic summit meeting in London on Thursday, he will voice the concerns of the uninvited. “There are many countries who cannot even dream of formulating their own fiscal stimulus packages,” Mr. Ban said. Last week, he sent a letter to the Group of 20 members arguing that, domestic problems aside, they should give $1 trillion over the next two years to the world’s most vulnerable nations. Mr. Ban is trying to turn Haiti into something of an Exhibit A on the need to keep foreign aid flowing despite tighter budgets. Haiti’s upheavals last year proved particularly intense, with the nation staggering beneath the double whammy of food riots that toppled the government and a series of hurricanes that killed hundreds and battered the economy. Now the United Nations worries that while the groundwork has been laid to get past those threats, the moment will fade because of the global crisis. The organization has spent some $5 billion on peacekeeping operations here since 2004, when the government of the still popular President Jean-Bertrand Aristide was toppled — many say with a shove from the Bush administration. The peacekeeping force declared war against the gangs that plague Haiti, with some success. Kidnappings dropped to 258 victims last year from 722 in 2006, according to United Nations figures. With the issue of security improved, Mr. Ban commissioned Mr. Collier — an Oxford University don whose book on fixing failed states, “The Bottom Billion,” turned him into a darling at United Nations headquarters — to whip up some solutions for rejuvenating Haiti. Haiti needs jobs, a particular challenge in the current economic climate. Haitians often seek work in the United States, but that safety valve has been squeezed given the recession. With some 900,000 youths expected to come into the job market in the next five years, dismal prospects are the main threat to stability. “There is nothing that is going to turn Haiti around until people have jobs,” said the rap artist and native son Wyclef Jean, who came to the island with Mr. Ban and former President Bill Clinton. Mr. Jean’s charity, Yéle Haiti, underwrites education for thousands of young Haitians. In a downtown park, Idelson François, 24, said he finished high school four years ago and had failed to find a job or money to continue his education. “When you have no self-esteem, sometimes you can’t resist the desire to do something violent,” he said. It required five months to seat a new government after the April 2008 food riots, and United Nations officials say development is stymied by a corrupt judicial system, weak land tenure laws and wildly inefficient ports. The roads are such moonscapes that some 40 percent of the mango crop gets too bruised to be sold abroad, said Jean M. Buteau, a leading exporter. Some diplomats worry that the government does not have the capacity to carry out even Mr. Collier’s limited prescriptions for improving manufacturing, infrastructure, agriculture and the environment. “What is lacking is the determination to put these good ideas into a coherent policy,” said Yukio Takasu, the Japanese ambassador to the United Nations, on the Security Council tour here. “I don’t think there is a focus.” Constant upheaval has long scared off investors. To counter that, last year the United States Congress granted Haitian textiles duty-free access to the American market for a decade, giving rise to Mr. Collier’s optimism. The policy has added just 12,000 jobs thus far, but it is viewed as a possible boon in an era of rising protectionism. Senior United Nations officials and other diplomats worry, however, that the tempo of new factory jobs is too slow, so they think money should be pumped into emergency programs like creating jobs to fix the environmental disaster by planting the denuded hills with forests. There is also some criticism that Mr. Collier’s basic recommendation involves turning Haiti into a sweatshop for American consumers, with workers paid $5 per day or less. He and others defend the approach, with Mr. Clinton noting after a visit to a Hanes T-shirt factory here that its workers earned some two or three times Haiti’s minimum wage of $1.75 a day. Haiti is so close to the United States that its problems tend to reverberate as illegal immigration, and the Marines have stormed ashore repeatedly since the first American occupation started in 1915. Not every problem can be addressed with the military, and ignoring development has proved deadly, said Susan E. Rice, the American ambassador to the United Nations. “Where we have neglected it, it comes back to bite us.” Haiti could receive more than $245 million in American development aid this year. Haitian officials hope the world gives generously, though there is a certain recognition of donor fatigue, especially in the economic storm. But young Haitians grumble that their government has yet to paint a vision of the country’s future — complaints echoed by United Nations officials who say it is difficult to get President Réne Préval or his ministers to commit to an action plan. “Just providing rice and beans is not a long-term solution,” said John Miller Beauvoir, 26, who founded a charity right out of college and wrote a book calling on other young Haitians to get involved in development. “If the captain does not know where you are going, no boat will take you in the right direction.”
Neil MacFarquhar, The New York Times, 31.03.09 http://www.nytimes.com/2009/03/31/world/americas/31haiti.html?ref=world A La Haye, 90 nations pour réfléchir au cas afghanC'est le moment de vérité pour la stratégie du président Obama en Afghanistan et l'effort international qu'il réclame en faveur de sa reconstruction : près de 90 États, institutions internationales et observateurs se retrouvent mardi à La Haye pour aider Kaboul, sous l'égide de l'ONU et à l'invitation des Pays-Bas. Parmi les invités, deux visages que l'on ne s'attend pas à voir dans la même enceinte attireront à coup sûr les projecteurs : ceux de la secrétaire d'État américaine Hillary Clinton et du chef adjoint de la diplomatie iranienne Medhi Akhundzadeh. Les optimistes y verront un premier pas vers le règlement «régional» esquissé à la Maison-Blanche. Washington, plus pragmatique, continue d'exclure «toute rencontre substantielle» avec le représentant de Téhéran. Plus probantes seront les réponses que donneront le Japon, l'Arabie saoudite, l'Inde, la Russie, la Chine - et bien sûr l'Union européenne - à l'appel à la mobilisation. Quatre jours après que Barack Obama a demandé «aux autres de faire la même chose» quand l'Amérique fait plus, le rendez-vous tombe à pic. «En Afghanistan, il y a un écart terrible entre les besoins, les promesses et la réalité, admet un ambassadeur européen. La crise économique vient malheureusement rogner encore les marges de manœuvre budgétaire.» Contrer la corruption
Avec le changement d'administration, Washington a renoncé à réclamer des contributions militaires, à l'intérieur comme à l'extérieur de l'Otan. Mais, sept ans après l'intervention occidentale, il s'agit toujours d'éviter que l'Afghanistan ne sombre dans le chaos. L'Amérique fournira la clef de voûte du dispositif en relevant son contingent de 38 000 à 60 000 hommes, avec comme cible al-Qaida, aux confins de l'Afghanistan et du Pakistan. Aux autres d'annoncer maintenant ce dont ils sont capables : l'aide financière, les missions humanitaires, l'établissement de l'état de droit, le redémarrage économique ou la formation des fonctionnaires afghans. «Plutôt que de demander des choses que nos alliés ne veulent pas faire, laissons-les décider eux-mêmes ce qu'ils apportent à l'édifice», explique un haut responsable américain avant le forum de La Haye. La France saisira l'occasion pour faire avancer demain une idée chère à Bernard Kouchner : l'envoi en Afghanistan des éléments de la Force de gendarmerie européenne, afin de muscler la police afghane dans les provinces. Sur un registre plus classique, la Commission européenne est disposée à accorder 60 millions d'euros de plus à Kaboul afin de soutenir, entre autres, l'organisation des élections en août. Le format de la conférence de La Haye, plus ouvert que celui de l'Otan, doit permettre aussi de mobiliser des puissances financières qui n'ont jamais envisagé d'envoyer des troupes. Les regards se portent vers le Japon, l'Arabie saoudite et les États du Golfe à travers la Banque de développement islamique. En Afghanistan, l'argent est bien le nerf de la guerre quand il faut contrer la corruption et les liasses de billets brassées par les trafiquants de drogue et leurs amis talibans. «Rien ne sert de former des policiers s'ils détalent et quittent l'uniforme dès qu'on leur propose un peu plus ailleurs», note un diplomate français. L'Alliance évalue à 1,5 milliard d'euros le coût par an de la formation de la police et de l'armée afghane. Pour les alliés des États-Unis, l'enjeu de La Haye est bien de relever le défi, avance Jaap de Hoop Scheffer, le secrétaire général de l'Otan : «Ils ne pourront pas se plaindre d'une américanisation (du conflit) s'ils ne prennent pas leur part du fardeau», dit-il. Bref, l'Afghanistan ne deviendrait la guerre d'Obama que si les Européens le veulent bien.
Jean-Jacques Mével, Le Figaro, 31.03.09 Del Bosque: "No se exagera con el Barça, está muy bien"Paseo-entrevista con la antítesis de Luis Aragonés. Moderado, afable, elegante y conciliador, Vicente del Bosque (Salamanca, 1950) marcó una época como jugador en el Madrid, rizó el rizo como técnico con dos Champions en tres años y ahora tiene el reto de convertir a la campeona de Europa en la del mundo. Ante el partido en Estambul de mañana, el seleccionador confirma a La Vanguardia que no es tan buenazo como parece; alaba el juego azulgrana, y no descarta un final de Liga reñido, pero es consciente de la ventaja culé. "Las apuestas están muy a favor del Barça y las casas de apuestas casi nunca se equivocan", afirma.
Antes la selección era un volcán, ahora una balsa de aceite.
Pero el buen ambiente que se respira no es porque hayamos llegado nosotros. La atmósfera ha sido muy favorable desde el inicio. ¿Cuántos siglos hace que no se enfada? (Risas) Sí que me enfado, sí. Pero estamos aquí para dar la mejor imagen del fútbol español y tengo que ser prudente, mesurado y respetuoso con todos. ¿Si se altera con algún jugador lo hace en la intimidad? No, no, no, cuando hay cosas que no me gustan..., a veces con una mirada basta. Si hay algo que no funciona de nuestro trabajo, pues lo tengo que decir. Algunos creen que tiene aire acondicionado en la sangre, que nunca se calienta. No, sí que se me calienta, además, sería una grosería no tenerla. Yo como futbolista tenía mi grado de agresividad y mi espíritu competitivo. ¿Cuando llegó se tuvo que vacunar de o contra algo? No, para nada, además yo no he renunciado nunca a mis antecedentes y lo digo con toda naturalidad, pero eso no me lleva a beneficiar a unos clubs más que a otros, sino a hacerlo lo mejor para el fútbol español. Yo tengo mi pasado y este es mi presente. ¿Profesionalmente, lo más triste que le ha sucedido es su salida forzosa del Madrid? Al final es una etapa pasada. Yo sabía que llegar al primer equipo tendría su final. Si hubiera continuado en la cantera, habría seguido muchos años y no habría tenido fin. Hoy en día vemos que estar cuatro años en un mismo club es prácticamente imposible. La Liga no está decidida. Puede ser que haya foto finish para ver al campeón. Tal vez el Real Madrid falle y el Barça mantenga el ritmo, no sabemos. Lo que sí es cierto es que lo que queda es muy intenso. Si se miran las apuestas ahora, están muy a favor del Barcelona, y las casas de apuestas casi nunca se equivocan. ¿Se exagera con el Barça? No se exagera. Está jugando muy bien, hay que reconocerlo. Tiene buenos futbolistas, una idea colectiva y calidad individual. Ya ha convocado dos veces a Piqué y Busquets y una a Bojan, con pocos minutos en el Barça. Quiero que los dos primeros se familiaricen con la selección. Respecto a Bojan, debe tener paciencia, está en un gran club y ha de aprovechar sus minutos. La imagen de los chicos de la selección no es la habitual del jugador endiosado. Creo que son gente muy normal y espero que no olviden la esencia de lo que es ser futbolista, ojalá sea así por mucho tiempo. ¿Es difícil mantener las distancias o, al contrario, tener que acercarse a un jugador en un momento determinado? Lo ideal es ser próximo, no dar la imagen de que estás subido en la tarima y te crees que lo sabes todo y eres un tío estupendo, pero tampoco puedes abusar de la cercanía. Hay que tener equilibrio. ¿Se puede mejorar lo que recibió tras la Eurocopa? Sí, en eso estamos. Tenemos retos por delante muy bonitos como la clasificación para el Mundial o la Copa Confederaciones. Tras ganar casi todo con sus equipos, ¿ser seleccionador es el mejor oficio del mundo? Bueno, también he perdido cosas de vez en cuando, ¿eh?, pero creo que sí, estoy muy contento, pero es un puesto que también conlleva mucha responsabilidad. Usted nunca se ha metido en berenjenales. ¿Ni de pequeño? No, yo me iba derecho al colegio, estudiaba lo que podía, y sobre todo, jugaba a fútbol en el patio horas y horas (risas). ![]() Felip Vivanco, La Vanguardia, 31.03.09
Spotify declares war on iTunesIt's the free music service that's attracting thousands of new users every day, and now Spotify is taking on the daddy of online music – iTunes. The on-demand streaming service has signed a deal to sell MP3 downloads as well as just playing them.
Tracks on the Spotify player, which looks not unlike Apple's familiar iTunes software, will now come with a link leading its European users to downloadable, 320 kilobyte per second MP3 copies of songs and albums via the London-based online music store, 7Digital which sells individual tracks for as little as 50p, and some albums for just £3. While the service will begin by offering individual tracks and albums, it will soon allow users to buy entire playlists either constructed by themselves or shared by other users. Spotify, which has a catalogue of six million tracks and this month announced that it had surpassed one million members, allows its users to enjoy streamed playlists interrupted infrequently by advertisements. It also offers a premium streaming service, which, for a fee of £9.99 per month, allows subscribers to listen ad-free. Spotify also has retail affiliate relationships with Amazon and iTunes. However, they currently apply to only a very small selection of the Spotify catalogue. In future, said Daniel Ek, the service's founder, Spotify would boast a "more integrated offering" with Amazon's music store as well as 7Digital. Mr Ek's company is developing ways to allow users to buy tracks from both sources without having to navigate away from the Spotify player application.
As for iTunes, the service will continue to offer more traditional links to the Apple music store. While the new download service will not put Spotify in direct competition with iTunes, it could mark a significant shift in the way consumers choose to listen to and then purchase music. Should Spotify become the most popular and enduring of the free online jukeboxes, then online music stores such as iTunes will be keen to have the most convenient links from the Spotify player. Ad-supported free music services, including Spotify and Last.fm (which also offers some downloads), may be forced to diversify into music sales in the current economic climate. Mark Mulligan, an analyst at Forrester Research, told the BBC: "[Spotify] went into this thinking it was going to be a premium subscription business... The problem is what's proven to be the successful part is the free bit." Two sites with similar business models, Spiral Frog and Ruckus, have been forced to close down recently as a result of the collapse in advertising revenues. Some experts argue that there simply isn't enough advertising revenue to sustain free music services. Meanwhile, iTunes has raised the price of tracks in the US from 99 cents to $1.29. In the UK, the cost of the cheapest iTunes songs remain 59p, greater than 7Digital's 50p minimum. "The market leader isn't iTunes," claimed Ged Day, founder of the download site Bleep.com. "The market leader is free." Spotify's buying option will first arrive in the UK, Germany, France, Italy and Spain. Sweden, where Spotify is based, and Norway and Finland, will have to wait a few more weeks for the download service. Spotify is currently unavailable elsewhere. Streaming ahead: The MP3 empires Spotify Founded: Stockholm, 2006 Launched in the UK in October 2008, Spotify now boasts more than one million users, at least 250,000 of them in this country. Its catalogue of free, streamed music contains more than six million songs. iTunes Store Founded: California, 2003 Now the number one legal music outlet in the world, accounting for more than 70 per cent of all online music sales. Has sold more than six billion songs in its six-year existence. In the UK, individual tracks are sold for 59p, 79p or 99p. 7Digital Founded: Shoreditch, 2004 One of the UK's first online music stores, 7Digital has launched regional versions in nine other European countries and hopes to expand into the US. It has a catalogue of more than four million tracks, costing between 50p and 99p.
Tim Walker, The Independent, 31.03.09 Villepin remonte sur scène contre Sarkozy«Battling» Villepin remonte sur le ring. Les émissions de télévision et les interviews aux journaux ne lui suffisent plus pour dire tout le mal qu'il pense de la gouvernance de Nicolas Sarkozy. L'ancien premier ministre a décidé de franchir une nouvelle étape en participant, mercredi soir à l'Assemblée nationale, à une réunion publique. Une première depuis son départ de Matignon. L'initiative revient à son carré de fidèles supporters. Leurs six noms figurent en bonne place sur le carton d'invitation. Officiellement, il s'agit pour Dominique de Villepin de parler de la France et de l'Otan. L'homme qui a dit non à la guerre en Irak veut faire entendre sa différence après la décision de Nicolas Sarkozy de réintégrer le commandement militaire de l'Otan. «Pour lui, c'est le bon sujet au bon moment, se félicite son ami Georges Tron, député de l'Essonne. Mais bien sûr, il répondra aux questions de la salle.» Sous-entendu : sur la France en général et sur Nicolas Sarkozy en particulier. Les amis de Villepin ont invité trois cents personnes. «On aurait pu en réunir trois mille si on l'avait voulu», se vante Tron. «On n'a pas eu à le supplier de venir», se réjouit l'ancien ministre François Goulard. Faut-il y voir un changement de stratégie chez Dominique de Villepin ? «Oui, répond le député maire de Vannes. Avant il faisait une interview ou deux par trimestre. Depuis un mois, il a décidé d'être présent chaque semaine.» Tous ses amis décrivent un Villepin incontestablement «plus combatif». «Il a envie de revenir en politique», assure Jean-Pierre Grand, un autre fidèle. Dimanche sur le plateau d'i-Télévision, Villepin a montré une nouvelle fois qu'il pouvait cogner fort sur Sarkozy. Premier opposant de l'intérieur, il a tout critiqué. Pêle-mêle, il s'est moqué d'un président «survitaminé» et d'un gouvernement qui fait «de la godille». Il a mis en garde contre une « accumulation de réformes inutiles». Enfin, il a raillé une «UMP qui ne parle qu'à l'UMP ». Bref, Villepin a décidé de «prendre date», selon ses mots. Un livre sur la crise le 11 juin
Sa posture anti-Sarkozy n'est pas nouvelle. Problème : le cercle de ses amis reste ultraminoritaire. On voit mal comment il peut espérer monter une candidature en 2012. Du coup, tant à l'Élysée qu'à l'UMP, on préfère ignorer Villepin. On ne prend même plus le temps de lui répondre. Sarkozy ne rate jamais une occasion, en privé, de rappeler à propos de Villepin ses «embarras judiciaires». Autrement dit : si son rival lui tape dessus, c'est parce qu'il est renvoyé en correctionnelle dans l'affaire Clearstream. «Celui-là, on est certain qu'il ne rentrera pas au gouvernement», ironise Éric Woerth au moment où l'on parle du retour au gouvernement des poids lourds (Juppé, Séguin, Raffarin). Cette première réunion, même si elle ressemblait plus à un colloque qu'à un meeting, est un test. Ses amis en imaginent d'autres à Paris et en province. En attendant, Villepin s'apprête à faire la promotion du prochain livre politique, consacré à la crise, qu'il publiera chez Plon le 11 juin. Son titre : La Cité des hommes.
Bruno Jeudy, Le Figaro, 30.03.09 |
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